The daily battle for survival in Venezuela

Customers are limited to four packets each of rice and sugar, as well as the same number of bottles of cooking oil. People are taking advantage to stock up ahead of the continued street protests. A packet of rice now costs 4,700 bol¨ªvares, equivalent to $1, with the price creeping up as it works it way through the chain of hands in the black market.

Venezuela, an oil producer dependent on crude prices, is in the grip of rampant inflation, with the IMF estimating price rises of more than 1,700% in the coming two years.

The IMF estimates price rises of more than 1,700% in the coming two years

For the last year, the country has been in the throes of an unprecedented crisis that is hitting it from all sides: it has the highest inflation rate in the world, violence is rampant, people have trouble finding and buying necessary everyday items, and the very fabric of society is breaking down.

Meanwhile, a world away in the nearby Las Mercedes district, in the Tol¨®n mall, stores offer European fashion items at three times the average monthly salary: some 40,000 bol¨ªvares, less than $10.

¡°People are dying of hunger. We have to fight so that Venezuelans can express themselves,¡± says Ismael Garc¨ªa, a veteran politician who once supported Hugo Ch¨¢vez, the former president and founder of the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela, but who is now a deputy on behalf of the MUD opposition coalition that controls the National Assembly.

The government of President Nicol¨¢s Maduro has sought to help the poor through a network of so-called local supply and production committees that provide basic products such as flour and dried milk. They have been described by the opposition as ¡°blackmail,¡± creating dependence on the state. A similar network of health centers was set up by Ch¨¢vez, who died in 2013, with the help of Cuba. They continue to function, but have been hard hit by rising levels of violence. Last year, there were 28,470 murders in a country of 30 million people, according to the Venezuelan Observatory on Violence.

Last year, there were 28,470 murders in a country of 30 million people

There is little visible police presence on the streets of the capital, except during protest marches. Since the most recent round of opposition demonstrations began three weeks ago, barricades have been set up in the streets of Caracas and there have been clashes with the security forces. El Valle, a small community in the west of the country where Maduro grew up, was the scene of looting and pitched battles on Thursday night, with the authorities saying armed men attacked a children¡¯s hospital there. Also on Thursday, three people were gunned down and nine electrocuted when crowds looted a bakery in Caracas. Cartridge shells could still be seen outside the establishment the day after.

Everyday life in Venezuela is increasingly polarized, although not everybody who is protesting against the government supports the MUD opposition. Similarly, defenders of the government are not necessarily hardline supporters of Hugo Ch¨¢vez or his successor, Maduro; many people are simply afraid of the anarchy that might follow the government¡¯s overthrow. Ch¨¢vez succeeded in installing national pride in the collective imagination, which many people hold onto, seeing the country under threat from a US-orchestrated campaign to oust Maduro.

This view is typical of people like Yilson Rodr¨ªguez, a supporter of Maduro who took part in the pro-government march on Wednesday. ¡°We cannot allow them to invade us, we have to defend the revolution,¡± he explains. There is little room for compromise with an opposition that has committed itself to change. Meanwhile, Venezuela is sinking deeper and deeper into crisis.

English version by Nick Lyne.